计算均数的可信区间
You have a sample from a population. Given that sample, you want to determine a confidence interval for the population’s mean.
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Apply the t.test function to your sample x:
> t.test(x)
The output includes a confidence interval at the 95% confidence level. To see intervals 公卫人
at other levels, use the conf.level argument.
> x <- rnorm(50, mean=100, sd=15)
> t.test(x)
One Sample t-test
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data: x
t = 59.2578, df = 49, p-value < 2.2e-16
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
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97.16167 103.98297
sample estimates:
mean of x
100.5723
In this example, the confidence interval is approximately 97.16 < μ < 103.98, which is 公卫百科
sometimes written simply as (97.16, 103.98).
We can raise the confidence level to 99% by setting conf.level=0.99:
> t.test(x, conf.level=0.99)
One Sample t-test
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data: x
t = 59.2578, df = 49, p-value < 2.2e-16
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0
99 percent confidence interval: 公卫论坛
96.0239 105.1207
sample estimates:
mean of x
100.5723
That change widens the confidence interval to 96.02 < μ < 105.12.
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